Teodiceia no Salmo 91: fé, sofrimento e a presença de Deus entre promessas de proteção e a realidade do sofrimento

Abstract

This article aims to analyze Psalm 91 in light of the problem of theodicy, seeking to understand how its promises of divine protection relate to the reality of human suffering. Although it is one of the most frequently quoted texts in devotional settings, Psalm 91 is often interpreted literalistically, as if it guaranteed absolute deliverance from all dangers. Drawing on classical and contemporary authors such as Augustine, C. S. Lewis, N. T. Wright, Sayão, Constable (SonicLight), and Omatilha this study proposes a biblical-theological reading that recognizes the psalm’s genre, structure, and literary elements, without separating the psalmist’s trust from divine sovereignty in the face of evil. The research also dialogues with pastoral and academic perspectives on suffering, highlighting the balance between confidence, responsibility, and biblical realism. The methodology is bibliographic, grounded in commentaries, academic articles, and related biblical passages. The conclusion is that Psalm 91 does not promise a life free of affliction, but affirms the faithful presence of God who sustains and accompanies the righteous amid adversity.